标准编号：ISO/IEC Guide 98-1:2009
中文名称：测量的不确定性 第1部分：测量不确定性表述介绍
英文名称：Uncertainty of measurement — Part 1: Introduction to the expression of uncertainty in measurement
发布日期：2009-09
标准范围
The Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology (JCGM) has prepared this document to promote the soundevaluation of measurement uncertainty through the use of the GUM (see clause 2) and to provide an introduc-tion to the GUM Supplements and other documents JCGM is producing: JCGM 101:2008 (see clause 2) andreferences [3, 4, 5, 6, 7].As in the GUM, this document is primarily concerned with the expression of uncertainty relating to the mea-surement of a well-de ned quantity|the measurand [JCGM 200:2008 (VIM) 2.3]|that can be characterizedby an essentially unique true value [JCGM 200:2008 (VIM) 2.11 NOTE 3]. The GUM provides a rationale fornot using the term `true', but this term will be kept in this document when there is otherwise a possibility forambiguity or confusion.The purpose of the GUM Supplements and the other documents produced by the JCGM is to help with theinterpretation of the GUM and enhance its application. The GUM Supplements and the other documents aretogether intended to have a scope that is considerably broader than that of the GUM.This document introduces measurement uncertainty, the GUM, and the GUM Supplements and other documentsthat support the GUM. It is directed predominantly at the measurement of quantities that can be characterizedby continuous variables such as length, temperature, time, and amount of substance.This introductory document is aimed at the following, including but not limited to| scienti c activities and disciplines in general,| industrial activities and disciplines in general,| calibration, testing and inspection laboratories in industry, and laboratories such as those concerned withhealth, safety and environment, and| evaluation and accreditation bodies.It is hoped that it will also be useful to designers, because a product speci cation that takes better account ofinspection requirements (and the associated measurement) can result in less stringent manufacturing require-ments. It is also directed at academia, with the hope that more university departments will include modules onmeasurement uncertainty evaluation in their courses. As a result, a new generation of students would be betterarmed to understand and provide uncertainty statements associated with measured quantity values, and thusgain an improved appreciation of measurement.This introductory document, the GUM, the GUM Supplements and the other documents should be used in con-junction with the `International Vocabulary of Metrology|Basic and general concepts and associated terms'and all three parts of ISO 3534 cited in clause 2, which de ne statistical terms (used in statistics and proba-bility, including applied statistics and design of experiments), and express them in a conceptual framework inaccordance with normative terminology practice. The last consideration relates to the fact that the theoreticalbackground of evaluation of measurement data and evaluation of the uncertainty of measurement is supportedby mathematical statistics and probability.
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