标准编号：ISO 20414:2020
中文名称：消防安全工程 建筑物火灾疏散模型的验证和验证规程
英文名称：Fire safety engineering — Verification and validation protocol for building fire evacuation models
发布日期：2020-11
标准范围
This document describes a protocol for the verification and validation of building fire evacuation
models. This document mostly addresses evacuation model components as they are in microscopic
(agent-based) models. Nevertheless, it can be adopted (entirely or partially) for macroscopic models if
the model is able to represent the components under consideration.
The area of application of the evacuation models discussed in this document includes performance-
based design of buildings and the review of the effectiveness of evacuation planning and procedures.
The evacuation process is represented with evacuation models in which people's movement and
their interaction with the environment make use of human behaviour in fire theories and empirical
observations . The simulation of evacuation is represented using mathematical models and/or
agent-to-agent and agent-to-environment rules.
The area of application of this document relates to buildings. This document is not intended to cover
aspects of transportation systems in motion (e.g. trains, ships) since specific ad-hoc additional tests
may be required for addressing the simulation of human behaviour during evacuation in these types of
systems .
This document includes a list of components for verification and validation testing as well as a
methodology for the analysis and assessment of accuracy associated with evacuation models. The
procedure for the analysis of acceptance criteria is also included.
A comprehensive list of components for testing is presented in this document, since the scope of the
testing has not been artificially restricted to a set of straightforward applications. Nevertheless, the
application of evacuation models as a design tool can be affected by the numbers of variables affecting
human behaviour under consideration. A high number of influences can hamper the acceptance of the
results obtained given the level of complexity associated with the results. Simpler calculation methods,
such as macroscopic models, capacity analyses or flow calculations, are affected to a lower extent by
the need to aim at high fidelity modelling. In contrast, more sophisticated calculation methods (i.e.
agent-based models) rely more on the ability to demonstrate that the simulation is able to represent
different emergent behaviours. For this reason, the components for testing are divided into different
categories, enabling the evacuation model tester to test an evacuation model both in relation to the
degree of sophistication embedded in the model as well as the specific scope of the model application.
In Annex A, a reporting template is provided to provide guidance to users regarding a format for
presenting test results and exemplary application of verification and validation tests are presented in
Annex B.
立即下载标准文件