标准编号：ISO/TS 19700:2016
中文名称：当量比控制法测定燃烧生成物中的有害成分
英文名称：Controlled equivalence ratio method for the determination of hazardous components of fire effluents — Steady-state tube furnace
发布日期：2016-09
标准范围
This document describes a steady-state tube furnace (SSTF) method for the generation of fire effluent for the identification and measurement of its constituent combustion products, in particular, the yields of toxicants under a range of fire decomposition conditions.It uses a moving test specimen and a tube furnace at different temperatures and airflow rates as the fire model. The interlaboratory reproducibility has been assessed with selected homogenous thermoplastic materials and this document is therefore limited in applicability to such materials. The method is validated for testing homogeneous thermoplastic materials that produce yields of a defined consistency. See limitations in Clause 12.This method has been designed as a performance-based engineering method to provide data for input to hazard assessments and fire safety engineering design calculations. The method can be used to model a wide range of combustion conditions by using different combinations of temperature, non-flaming and flaming decomposition conditions and different fuel/oxygen ratios in the tube furnace. These include the combustion conditions for the following types of fires, as detailed in ISO 19706:2011, Table 1:— Stage 1: Non-flaming:— Stage 1b) Oxidative pyrolysis from externally applied radiation;— Stage 2: Well-ventilated flaming (representing a flaming developing fire);— Stage 3: Under-ventilated flaming:— Stage 3a) Small localized fires in closed or poorly ventilated compartments;— Stage 3b) Post-flashover fires.For each flaming fire type, the minimum conditions of test are specified in terms of the equivalence ratio, ?, as follows:Stage 2? ≤ 0,75;Stages 3a) and 3b)? = 2 ± 0,2.Guidance on the choice of additional decomposition conditions is given in Annex A.The data on toxic product concentrations and yields obtained using this document can be used as part of the estimation of toxic potencies, in conjunction with toxic potency calculation methods in ISO 13344, and as an input to the toxic hazard assessment from fires in conjunction with fire growth and effluent dispersal modelling, and fractional effective dose (FED) calculation methods in ISO 13571.Application of data from the steady-state tube furnace to the estimation of lethal toxic potency and to the assessment of toxic hazards in fires is considered in Annex B and Annex C, respectively. Guidance on application of data from the steady-state tube furnace to the use of the steady-state tube furnace method for bioassay purposes is given in Annex D.The test method described in this document can be used solely to measure and describe the production of toxic effluent from homogeneous thermoplastic materials, in response to heat or flame under controlled laboratory conditions. It is not suitable to be used, by itself, for describing or appraisingthe fire hazard of materials under actual fire conditions, or as the sole source on which regulations pertaining to toxicity can be based.The yields of combustion products determined using this document pertain to the time interval during which steady-state burning is observed. To the extent that this interval is not a large fraction of the total burning time (i.e. if less than 5 min), the steady-state yield values are applicable with caution to fire safety analyses.
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